Scientific Apartheid as a Violation of Islamic Human Rights against  Islamic Republic of Iran and Legal Measures and Strategies to Combat it

Akbari, Alireza; Pourghahramani, Babak; Beigi, Jamal

Scientific Apartheid as a Violation of Islamic Human Rights against Islamic Republic of Iran and Legal Measures and Strategies to Combat it

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Alireza Akbari ¹

babak pourghahramani ²

Jamal Beigi ³

¹ Student of Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran.

³ Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran

Abstract

Today, the science and knowledge production and exchange have encompassed national and international borders. But developed and powerful countries discriminate against developing countries and create inequality in the field of science, which is called scientific apartheid, has become a very important for many countries and common issue for countries as well as in the international community. This discrimination is deeper for some countries for various reasons. Islamic republic of Iran is one of the countries that have faced this phenomenon over the past few decades. This has also created many problems in the domestic field as well as problems in the field of international scientific competitions and achieving scientific status and prevents from the advancement of global knowledge and exchanges information in the global village. Given the importance of this issue, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical approach to answer the questions that Islamic republic of Iran has so far taken against scientific apartheid and discrimination in this area and what legal strategies can be taken against Take this situation? Findings show that in Islamic republic of Iran, no specific legal action and strategy has been adopted in this regard. However, scientific apartheid can be prosecuted internationally, followed up by international legal and penal institutions, binding international legal laws, and reciprocal action to eliminate scientific apartheid.

Keywords

Scientific Apartheid

Discrimination

Scientific Sanction

Islamic Human Rights