In order to survive, mankind must live and cooperate with each other in communities. This need and capacity for cooperation creates questions about how to organize the relations of society members."Justice" as one of the most fundamental concepts in the Islamic school of thought and current human rights plays a decisive role in this field. Religion has always played a powerful role in shaping the ideas of social justice, repression and liberation, which can be used as two sides of the same coin, both as a means of abuse and to promote social justice as a moral obligation. This article aims to present a general map of the methods of understanding justice in the field of Islam and modern human rights by using the descriptive-analytical method and library and internet resources. An issue that has become one of the important challenges between Islamic law and contemporary human rights is the differences that result from the concept of justice in the interpretation of Islam and human rights. The results of this research show that monotheistic religions, especially Islam, have contributed significantly to the development of more just and humane societies than any other thought. Therefore, it seems that trying to inspire human rights documents from Islamic teachings is not far-fetched. If human rights thinkers find the complete model of human rights in the writings of Islamic thinkers, away from any unilateralism, the seeds of developing human rights, more developed and humane than in the past, will gradually begin to grow.