The interpretation and implementation of Islamic human rights, as a model grounded in the intrinsic dignity of the human being and the teachings of Islamic Sharia, has long been one of the fundamental challenges facing modern legal systems in contrast to Western individualist discourses. In this regard, the Islamic Republic of Iran, by combining Islamic principles with popular sovereignty in its Constitution, has provided a distinctive framework for realizing this model; a matter that makes it necessary to assess its position, capacities, and obstacles in both legislation and implementation. Accordingly, the main research question of this study is: What is the position of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the interpretation and implementation of Islamic human rights, and what are its main opportunities and strategies? The research hypothesis maintains that the Islamic Republic of Iran, relying on the progressive principles of its Constitution and Islamic jurisprudential foundations, possesses considerable theoretical and legislative capacity in articulating Islamic human rights; however, in practice and in international discourse, it faces normative, structural, and interpretive challenges. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical method and, based on documentary and library research, analyzes jurisprudential sources, statutory laws, and human rights instruments. The findings indicate that Iran’s principal opportunities are reflected in the enactment of dignity-based and justice-oriented principles, while challenges arising from ambiguity in enforcement mechanisms, divergence in judicial interpretations, and the hegemony of Western human rights discourse have hindered its maximum effectiveness. Therefore, the main strategy lies in reforming executive structures and redefining human rights diplomacy.